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杨榆8月2日 活着,并且不撒谎, 转自阮一峰下个星期一(8月3日),是俄罗斯著名作家、诺贝尔文学奖获得者索尔仁尼琴逝世一周年的日子。
为了表示纪念,我翻译了他的一篇著名文章《活着,并且不撒谎》(Live Not By Lies)。 该文写于1974年2月12日。写完后的当天,秘密警察就闯进他的公寓,将他逮捕,然后驱逐出境。这是他在苏联境内写下的最后文字。等到20多年后,他再回来的时候,苏联已经变成了俄罗斯。 我原以为此文很难翻译,但实际上很容易。早上6点起床后开始翻译,到午饭前已经全部译完了,真是顺利得出奇。 另外,为了避免可能的麻烦,再多说一句。 以下内容,仅供批判性学习。
Alexander Solzhenitsyn (December 11, 1918 – August 3, 2008) ======================== Live Not By Lies 活着,并且不撒谎 作者:[俄罗斯]亚历山大·索尔仁尼琴Alexander Solzhenitsyn 译者:阮一峰 原载1974年2月18日《华盛顿邮报》,A26版 有一段时间,我们不敢说话,只是偷偷地通过地下出版物交流思想。我们偶尔会聚在科学院的吸烟室,互相抱怨:“政府到底在玩什么把戏?到底想把我们怎样?”周围是铺天盖地的对全宇宙最高成就的吹嘘,而现实中的贫穷和堕落却随处可见。这个政府还扶植那些落后国家的傀儡政府,煽动内战。我们还傻乎乎地出钱,把毛泽东培育起来。最终,还是我们这些人被送上战场,去与他作战,他们逼着你去。我们有出路吗?他们想审判谁,就审判谁。他们把正常人关进疯人院。他们掌握一切,我们无能为力。 Things have almost reached rock bottom. A universal spiritual death has already touched us all, and physical death will soon flare up and consume us both and our children--but as before we still smile in a cowardly way and mumble without tounges tied. But what can we do to stop it? We haven't the strength? 情况已经糟到不能再糟了。一场全面性的精神死亡,正降临到我们所有人头上。肉体的死亡很快也会来临,我们和我们的子孙都无路可逃。但是我们一如既往,还在怯弱地装出笑容,毫不费力地表示顺从。我们能够阻止这一切吗?我们真的没有力量吗? We have been so hopelessly dehumanized that for today's modest ration of food we are willing to abandon all our principles, our souls, and all the efforts of our predecessors and all opportunities for our descendants--but just don't disturb our fragile existence. We lack staunchness, pride and enthusiasm. We don't even fear universal nuclear death, and we don't fear a third world war. We have already taken refuge in the crevices. We just fear acts of civil courage. 为了得到自己那份吃不饱的口粮,我们无可救药地就把人性抛弃了,把我们所有的原则、我们的灵魂、前人的所有抗争、后人的所有机会都抛弃了,只为了让自己能够可怜地生存下去。我们缺乏忠诚、自豪感和热忱。我们不害怕核武器,也不害怕第三次世界大战,我们已经是废墟中的难民了。我们只害怕作为一个公民,做出有勇气的行为。 We fear only to lag behind the herd and to take a step alone-and suddenly find ourselves without white bread, without heating gas and without a Moscow registration. 我们害怕落在人群的后面,走出自己独立的一步。我们害怕一夜之间就失去了面包、失去了暖气、失去了莫斯科的户口。 We have been indoctrinated in political courses, and in just the same way was fostered the idea to live comfortably, and all will be well for the rest of our lives. You can't escape your environment and social conditions. Everyday life defines consciousness. What does it have to do with us? We can't do anything about it? 我们一直在各种政治学习中被洗脑,一直被教导要活得顺从,你想要好好活着就要听话。个人无法逃脱他的时代和社会。每天的生活都在考验一个人的良知。他们想把我们怎么样?我们真的无能无力吗? But we can--everything. But we lie to ourselves for assurance. And it is not they who are to blame for everything-we ourselves, only we. One can object: But actually toy can think anything you like. Gags have been stuffed into our mouths. Nobody wants to listen to us and nobody asks us. How can we force them to listen? It is impossible to change their minds. 不,我们可以的,可以做到每件事。但是为了不自找麻烦,我们宁愿对自己撒谎。该被谴责的人,不是他们,而是我们自己。但是,你能够做到反对,即使一个傀儡也能自由思想。我们的嘴被封住了,没人想听我们的意见,也没人来问我们。我们怎样才能强迫他们倾听我们的声音?改变他们的心意是不可能的。 It would be natural to vote them out of office-but there are not elections in our country. In the West people know about strikes and protest demonstrations-but we are too oppressed, and it is a horrible prospect for us: How can one suddenly renounce a job and take to the streets? Yet the other fatal paths probed during the past century by our bitter Russian history are, nevertheless, not for us, and truly we don't need them. 在选举中,不把票投给他们是很自然的想法。但是我们的国家没有选举。在西方,人们可以罢工和上街抗议,但是在我们这里,这些是被镇压的。对我们来说,有些事情哪怕只是想一想,都很恐怖,要是一个人突然辞去工作,走上街头,会怎样?上个世纪,在俄罗斯苦难的历史中,人们尝试过其他更激进的道路,但是这些道路对我们不合适,我们真的不需要这些方法。 Now that the axes have done their work, when everything which was sown has sprouted anew, we can see that the young and presumptuous people who thought they would make out country just and happy through terror, bloody rebellion and civil war were themselves misled. No thanks, fathers of education! Now we know that infamous methods breed infamous results. Let our hands be clean! 靠斧头办事的年代已经过去了,现在的一切与以前完全不同了,只有那些少不更事和自以为是的人,才会以为通过恐怖主义可以达到目的。流血的暴动和内战都已经行不通了。如果有人还要教导我们这样做,我们只能说谢谢。现在我们知道,坏的方法只会导致坏的结果。请让我们保持清白! The circle--is it closed? And is there really no way out? And is there only one thing left for us to do, to wait without taking action? Maybe something will happen by itself? It will never happen as long as we daily acknowledge, extol, and strengthen--and do not sever ourselves from--the most perceptible of its aspects: Lies. 出口是不是已经关上了?真的没有其他路出去吗?我们是不是只能眼睁睁地坐着不动?幻想美好的结果会自然而然地发生?只要我们日复一日地选择接受谎言、赞美谎言、加强谎言(而不是与它决裂),那么就不会有不一样的事情发生,生活就不会有任何不同。 When violence intrudes into peaceful life, its face glows with self-confidence, as if it were carrying a banner and shouting: ``I am violence. Run away, make way for me--I will crush you.'' But violence quickly grows old. And it has lost confidence in itself, and in order to maintain a respectable face it summons falsehood as its ally--since violence lays its ponderous paw not every day and not on every shoulder. It demands from us only obedience to lies and daily participation in lies--all loyalty lies in that. 起初,暴政刚刚出现的时候,它的脸上洋溢着自信,好像挥舞着旗帜,高喊:“我是暴政。滚开,为我让路。我将捏死你们。”但是,暴政很快就会衰老,对自己失去自信,为了维持脸面,它只好找到谎言作为同盟,因为它无力将可怕的爪牙每时每刻放在每个人的肩头。它要求我们服从谎言,要求我们永久性成为谎言的一份子。这就是它所要求的全部忠诚。 And the simplest and most accessible key to our self-neglected liberation lies right here: Personal non-participation in lies. Though lies conceal everything, though lies embrace everything, but not with any help from me. 要想找回我们自暴自弃的自由,最简单、最容易的方法就是,你作为个人绝不参与谎言。虽然谎言遮天蔽日,无处不在,但是休想从我这里得到支持。 This opens a breach in the imaginary encirclement caused by our inaction. It is the easiest thing to do for us, but the most devastating for the lies. Because when people renounce lies it simply cuts short their existence. Like an infection, they can exist only in a living organism. 只要我们不合作,铁筒一般的包围圈就有一个缺口。这是我们能做到的最简单的事情,但是对于谎言,却是最具有毁灭性。因为只要人们不说谎,谎言就无法存在。它就像一种传染病,只活在那些愿意说谎的人身上。 We do not exhort ourselves. We have not sufficiently matured to march into the squares and shout the truth our loud or to express aloud what we think. It's not necessary. 我们并不做出激烈的举动。情况还没有成熟到,可以允许我们走上广场,大声喊出真相,或者大声表达我们的心声的地步。这样做是不必要的。 It's dangerous. But let us refuse to say that which we do not think. 虽然有危险,但是让我们拒绝说出我们不认同的话。 This is our path, the easiest and most accessible one, which takes into account out inherent cowardice, already well rooted. And it is much easier--it's dangerous even to say this--than the sort of civil disobedience which Gandhi advocated. 这就是我们的道路,最为简单易行,只需要我们重新审视内在的、已经植根于我们天性之中的怯弱就行了。它比甘地提倡的不合作主义,还要容易做到得多,虽然这样说并不可取。 Our path is to talk away from the gangrenous boundary. If we did not paste together the dead bones and scales of ideology, if we did not sew together the rotting rags, we would be astonished how quickly the lies would be rendered helpless and subside. 我们的道路,就是不说那些已经烂掉的东西。只要我们不把已经死亡的意识形态的骨骸重新拼起来,只要我们不把烂麻袋重新缝起来,我们就会看到,谎言枯萎和崩溃的速度是多么惊人。 That which should be naked would then really appear naked before the whole world. 让那些原来就该暴露的东西,赤裸裸地暴露在全世界面前。 So in our timidity, let each of us make a choice: Whether consciously, to remain a servant of falsehood--of course, it is not out of inclination, but to feed one's family, that one raises his children in the spirit of lies--or to shrug off the lies and become an honest man worthy of respect both by one's children and contemporaries. 虽然我们每个人都是胆怯的,但是让我们做出一个选择。要么你自觉地作为一个谎言的仆人(当然,这并非由于你赞成谎言,而是由于你要养家,你不得不在谎言之中把孩子们养大),要么你就脱掉谎言的外套,变成一个忠实于自己的人,得到你的孩子和同时代人的尊重。 And from that day onward he: 从今以后,你
Of course we have not listed all of the possible and necessary deviations from falsehood. But a person who purifies himself will easily distinguish other instances with his purified outlook. 当然,我们不可能罗列全所有可能的和现实中的谎言的变种。但是,一个纯洁地活着的人,应该可以很容易的看出什么是真的,什么是假的。 No, it will not be the same for everybody at first. Some, at first, will lose their jobs. For young people who want to live with truth, this will, in the beginning, complicate their young lives very much, because the required recitations are stuffed with lies, and it is necessary to make a choice. 如果你这样选择,那么从一开始,你的生活就将发生巨变。对于某些人来说,他们很快就会失去工作。对于那些想寻找真相的年轻人,他们的青春岁月很快就将变得非常坎坷,因为要求背诵的内容中充满了谎言,你不得不做出选择。 But there are no loopholes for anybody who wants to be honest. On any given day any one of us will be confronted with at least one of the above-mentioned choices even in the most secure of the technical sciences. Either truth or falsehood: Toward spiritual independence or toward spiritual servitude. 对于所有那些想要诚实生活的人,是没有第三条路的。任何一天,我们中的任何一个人,都面临着至少一种上述选择,即使是在最没有意识形态色彩的科技领域也是如此。要么选择真相,要么选择谎言,要么选择精神的独立,要么选择精神的奴役。 And he who is not sufficiently courageous even to defend his soul- don't let him be proud of his ``progressive'' views,and don't let him boast that he is an academician or a people's artist, a merited figure, or a general--let him say to himself: I am in the herd, and a coward. It's all the same to me as long as I'm fed and warm. 任何一个胆小到不敢捍卫自己灵魂的人,就不配说自己有“进步的”观点,就不配自称为学者、艺术家、将军、或者其他尊称。他只能对自己说:“我是一个听话的人,我是一个懦夫。只要能够吃饱穿暖,让我说什么做什么都可以。” Even this path, which is the most modest of all paths of resistance, will not be easy for us. But it is much easier than self-immolation or a hunger strike: The flames will not envelope your body, your eyeballs, will not burst from the heat, and brown bread and clean water will always be available to your family. 即使这样一种反抗是所有反抗中最轻微的,也是很不容易做到的。但是,它还是比自我牺牲或者绝食要容易得多,你的身体和你的眼睛不会受到伤害,你家不会被断暖气,也不会被切断面包和清洁的饮用水的供应。 A great people of Europe, the Czhechoslovaks, whom we betrayed and deceived: Haven't they shown us how a vulnerable breast can stand up even against tanks if there is a worthy heart within it? 捷克斯洛伐克人民是欧洲伟大的人民,我们背叛和欺骗了他们。他们向我们证明了,只要有一颗勇敢的心,即使最柔弱的躯体,也是能够站起来对抗坦克的。(译注:此处指1968年的布拉克之春。) You say it will not be easy? But it will be easiest of all possible resources. It will not be an easy choice for a body, but it is only one for a soul. No, it is not an easy path. But there are already people, even dozens of them, who over the years have maintained all these points and live by the truth. 你说这样做很困难?但它是所有可能的方法中最容易的一种。对于你的肉体,这不是一个容易的选择;但是对于你的灵魂,这是唯一的选择。已经有这样的人,数量甚至已经达到了几十个,他们已经坚持上面的标准许多年,只说真话而活着。 So you will not be the first to take this path, but will join those who have already taken it. This path will be easier and shorter for all of us if we take it by mutual efforts and in close rank. If there are thousands of us, they will not be able to do anything with us. If there are tens of thousands of us, then we would not even recognize our country. 所以,你不是第一个采用这种方法的人,你将成为已经这样做的人们中的一员。如果我们共同努力,密切合作,这条道路将变得更容易和更短一些,对我们所有人都是如此。如果这样的人达到了几千个,他们就对我们无计可施。如果这样的人达到了几万个,那么我们将发现我们的国家变得完全不一样了。 If we are too frightened, then we should stop complaining that someone is suffocating us. We ourselves are doing it. let us then bow down even more, let us wait, and our brothers the biologists will help to bring nearer the day when they are able to read our thoughts are worthless and hopeless. 如果我们被吓破了胆,那么我们就不要再抱怨,别人在压迫我们,是我们自己在这样做。我们只好弯下腰等着,让生物学家把我们的猴子兄弟变得更进化一些,等到那一天,它们可以读懂我们的思想是多么的没有价值和没有希望。 And if we get cold feet, even taking this step, then we are worthless and hopeless, and the scorn of Pushkin should be directed to us: 如果我们临阵退缩,连不参与撒谎都不敢做,那么我们就是没有价值和没有希望的。普希金的讽刺用在我们头上正合适:
7月20日 学术大师 转自阮一峰季羡林和任继愈在同一天去世,媒体称他们是大师。 放眼当代中国,知识界哪有大师。 我对目前文科知识分子的判断:80%是不学无术者;15%是识时务者,与当局合作,名利双收;5%是灰心者,噤若寒蝉,自甘边缘。 6月14日 孩子 当我渐渐老去(母亲写给孩子的一封信) 孩子 当我渐渐老去 当我老了,不再是原来的我。 请理解我,对我有一点耐心。 当我把菜汤洒到自己的衣服上时,当我忘记怎么系鞋带时, 请想一想当初我是如何手把手地教你。 当我一遍又一遍地重复你早已听腻的话语,请耐心的听我说,不要打断我。 你小时候,我不得不重复那个讲过千百遍的故事,直到你进入梦乡。 当我需要你帮我洗澡时,请不要责备我。 还记得小时候我千方百计哄你洗澡的情形吗? 当我对新科技和新事物不知所措时,请不要嘲笑我。 想一想当初我怎么耐心地回答你每一个“为什么”。 当我由于双腿疲劳而无法行走时,请伸出你年轻有力的手搀扶我。 就像你小时候学习走路时,我扶你那样。 当我突然忘记我们谈话主题,请给我一些时间让我回想。 其实对我来说,谈论什么并不重要,只要你能在一旁听我说,我就很满足。 当你看着老去的我,请不要悲伤。 理解我,支持我,就像你刚刚开始学习如何生活是我对你的那样。 当初我引导你走上人生的路,如今请陪伴我走完最后的路。 给我你的爱和耐心,我会抱以感激的微笑,这微笑中凝结着我对你无限的爱。 “我爱你,我的孩子”。 6月6日 疾病的成因 保持质与量合适的输入和输出,就不会产生疾病。 基本的物质输入包括,水,氧气,食物营养,(声波,光波) 精神方面质与量合适的输入也会保持精神的健康。 如此,人的身体是健康的,精神是健康的,才会有对环境对社会健康而有益的输出。反之,自己就会得病,并且会把这病输出给别人,社会和环境。所以,人能健健康康的活着,不害人,并不容易。 比如一种蔬菜,在农药化肥的喷播下长成,被人使用后,会对人的健康产生不良影响。 比如一儿童,在仇恨的环境中长大,被报复的思想所灌输,将来则有可能对社会产生不良影响。 楚王好细腰,就是一个很好的例子。 萧伯纳语录 对同胞来说,最大的罪恶不是憎恨,而是无动于衷:这才是非人道的本质。 ——萧伯纳,1897 理性的人让自己适应世界;非理性的人坚持改变世界,让世界适应自己。因此,所有进步都取决于非理性的人。 ——萧伯纳 水是最好的药 (美国,巴特曼) 现在的医务人员不明白水在人体中的作用有多么重要。 药物可以缓解病情,却治不好人体的衰老性疾病。 人体内的干旱管理机制发出局部缺水信号后,人立刻感到口渴;警报信号越强烈,口渴就越厉害;口渴越厉害,身体对水的需求就越急迫。然而,不可思议的是,人们往往会犯最基本的、灾难性的错误:当身体急需水时,我们却给它茶、咖啡、酒或用工业化方法生产的饮料,而不是纯净的天然水。不可否认,茶、咖啡和工业化生产的饮料不仅含有大量水,而且还含有一些对身体有益的物质;与此同时,我们也不能否认:茶、咖啡和工业饮料里含有大量脱水因子,这些脱水因子进入身体后,不仅让进入身体的水迅速排出,而且还会带走体内储备的水。这就是我们越喝茶和咖啡……就越想小便的原因。一方面我们的身体急需水,发出了口渴的呼唤;一方面我们用茶、咖啡和工业化饮料在糊弄口渴,并没有真正满足身体对水的急切需求。久而久之,我们就会麻木;久而久之,水的新陈代谢功能就会紊乱。新陈代谢功能一旦紊乱,身体的某些区域缺水,干旱管理机制发出的信号就不仅是口渴,而会表现出比“口干”多得多的症状: 它们会让你的腰疼痛; 它们会让你的颈椎疼痛; 它们会让你的消化道溃疡; 它们会让你的血压升高; 它们会让你哮喘和过敏; 它们甚至还让你患上胰岛素非依赖型糖尿病 多么可怕的结果!但原因却既简单又平常。所以,我常对一些病人说:“你没有生病,只是渴了。”每当这时,患者总是惊讶万分,半信半疑。其实,生活往往就是这样的,我们常常把简单的事物复杂化,复杂到连自己都懵懂的地步。身体缺水不仅会发出口渴的信号,还会发出各种各样的患病信号。此时,如果我们不仔细分析原因,一味地用化学药物让这些信号“闭嘴”,就会铸成大错。我从医多年,经常碰到这种情况:明明是身体缺水发出的信号,明明是身体出现了局部干旱,急需补充水,此时只要增补水就能解决问题,但人们却用化学药品对付这些缺水信号。 当生病的所有条件都齐备了,人就真的病了。更不幸的是,这个错误还会持续,身体的病状逐渐发展,脱水症越来越复杂,用药越来越多,直到有一天——病人死了。这时,谁都说不清他究竟是病死的还是渴死的。 细胞在子宫里发育时,母亲为胎儿细胞的生长提供必需的水。水的摄入和传输系统似乎是由胎儿组织完成的,却体现在母亲身上。胎儿和母亲对水的需求似乎表现在怀孕初期的晨吐感觉上。母亲的晨吐感觉是胎儿和母亲的缺水信号。 显而易见,渴的感觉会逐渐衰退,进入成年后,我们体内的水分会越来越少。随着年龄的增长,体内细胞的含水量也会逐渐减少,细胞内的含水量与细胞外的含水量之比从1∶1减少到大约0 8∶1(见图2)。这是一个巨大的变化。我们饮水是为了满足细胞的功能需求,饮水量的减少会影响细胞的活力。 (由此推论,保持体内的水分,和细胞内的含水量,对抗衰老也有积极的意义) 人体中的蛋白质和酶在粘度较低的溶剂中效率较高。细胞膜中的所有受体(接受端)都是如此。在粘度较高的溶剂中(在脱水状态下),蛋白质和酶的效率较低(对身体缺水的判别力可能也较差)。因此,水可以调节身体的所有功能,包括各种溶质的活动。“水是身体里的溶剂,它能调节所有功能,也能调节溶解在水中并在水中循环的溶质的活动。”这一新的科学真理(认知模式的转变)应该成为未来医学研究的基础。 治疗疼痛 神经传导组胺是用来规定和调节现有水量的,动物体内出现脱水后,组胺的产量和储量会大大提高——这就是所谓的干旱管理。组胺和从属它的前列腺素、激肽以及PAF(也是一种与组胺有关的媒介)——能调节和分配摄入体内的水分——它们碰到痛感神经就会引起疼痛。 前面讲述了“医学观念的转换”,提出了两个被人忽视的问题,第一,随着年龄的增长,身体会越来越缺水。与此同时,新观点否定了以“口干”为身体缺水的惟一信号的老观念。第二,当神经传导组胺的生成和从属的调水因子过于活跃,以至于引发过敏、哮喘和慢性疼痛时,应该把这类疼痛理解为缺水信号——身体因缺水发出的危机信号。 非传染性的、“反复出现”的或慢性的疼痛应当视为身体缺水的信号。 :首先应当用调整日常饮水量的方法来治疗这些疼痛。给病人常规止痛药或其他缓解疼痛的药物前,如抗组胺药或抗酸剂,应当先观察几天,让病人每天24小时的饮水量不少于两品脱半(即两升半),以便防止永久性的局部损害或全身损害,发展成不治之症 治疗肠胃疾病 消化不良引起的疼痛是人体发出的最重要的信号,它是脱水症的表征,是身体缺水的信号。这在年轻人群或是中老年人群中都可能发生。当前的所有重大疾病几乎都可以追溯到慢性、持久、不断加重的脱水。消化不良引起的疼痛,即由胃炎、十二指肠炎和烧心引起的疼痛,只需要增加饮水量就可以治疗。如果病人还患有溃疡症,那就必须注意日常饮食,以便加快溃疡面的修复速度。 人们把基本的、常见疼痛引起的病变解释成局部组织的病变,其实它的起因就是脱水。 治疗老年痴呆症 慢性脱水是阿尔兹海默症的主要原因。在我看来,阿尔兹海默症的根本原因是脑细胞缺水。在世界上的某些地区,水的含铝量相对较低,铝的毒性只是脱水症的次要病因。请注意,在一些发达国家,人们有时用硫酸铝净化城市供水。脱水症迁延不治会造成脑细胞萎缩。大家不妨想象一下李子变成李子干的情形。不幸的是,在脱水状态下,大脑细胞会逐渐丧失许多功能,比如:把神经信号传送到神经末梢的传导系统可能失效。我的一位医生朋友用这种方法治疗他弟弟的阿尔兹海默症,每天都强迫他多喝水。现在,他弟弟已经恢复了记忆,可以跟人对话,不再喃喃自语了。仅过了几个星期,这种方法就收到明显的效果。 饮酒(宿醉)过量会引起细胞脱水,特别是脑细胞脱水 6月1日 新生命带来的喜悦 最近的生活变化很大,为成为一个合格的售货员而劳碌形体,困扰内心。正要在网上找朋友倾诉对自己即将成为一个售货员的失望,朋友对我说,我可能要做叔叔了。霎时,微笑涌上嘴角,脸庞,心里。相对于新生的喜悦,个人的那些小苦闷又算得了什么呢。 如今,我是真的要做长辈了。以前,亲朋好友自然也有孩子降生到这世上。但那时,我还太少不更事,尚不理解生命的含义。如今,两个好朋友要带一个新生命到这世界,给我多少憧憬,喜悦和责任啊!联想到某一天自己也会带一个美好的新生命到这个世界,责任就驱散了那些小苦闷,更有力迎头向前。现在就会设想,如何给这个小生命以及将来我要带到这个世界上的小生命创造一个更美好的生长环境,强健其体魄,丰盈其精神。 人的动物性在护犊之情这一点得到很好的体现,你可以奉献自己,但很少有人愿意奉献自己的后背。就连阮籍,嵇康他们也想要自己的儿辈做个平凡人,以得全天年。 朋友说,你们可要好好行为哈,不然小家伙将来可能看不上你们呢!是啊,我们要努力呢,他已经带给我们欢悦了,我们怎敢不严于律己尽力做好榜样呢! 5月31日 名士风流这些天来,他 5月21日 名士风流, 关于名人的生活隐私权罗贝尔说,“不行,我们没有武器。”他把 5月20日 to be a great basketball player chauncey billups the disposbale superstar Learn to play pointguard Chauncey even moves into the locker next to Brandon. He asks him how he knows when to shoot and when to share, and Brandon tells him to simply move the ball. He says his job as a point guard is to make teammates blissful, to get KG 20 shots a game and Wally Szczerbiak 15, to have no ego. He teaches Chauncey how to watch film, how to spend the first half reading how the defense is playing the pick-and-roll … and how to adjust in the second half. He tells him that if KG doesn't have double-figure points by mid-second quarter to start feeding him the rock. He tells him if KG still can't score, then you start scoring. He tells him to know everyone's foul situation -- on both teams -- to know who's already been hit with a technical foul, who's ripe to lose his cool. "And another thing, you and I can't have more than two turnovers a game." "Two? Just two?" Chauncey says, laughing. "Actually, two is too many," Brandon says, not laughing. Meanwhile, Chauncey marvels at how close KG and Mitchell are. Mitchell is a dozen years older, and yet he and KG seem connected at the hip. Chauncey wants some of that wisdom, too, so he starts asking Mitchell about NBA life, about how to lead his own team someday. Mitchell tells Chauncey that in order to lead he must learn to follow. He tells him he must be coachable, that he can't be a know-it-all. He tells him there can be no partying the night before games, and no fast food in his diet. He tells him that, if nothing else, he must remember this one basketball maxim: If you take care of the person to your right and the person to your left, the person who benefits most is the one in the middle. Chauncey clamors for more, so Mitchell begins inviting him to join his early morning breakfasts and workouts with KG. Chauncey always arrives first, which surprises Sam, who doesn't know about Ray and the 3:30 a.m. wake-up calls. "You had heard all this stuff," Mitchell says. "You had heard he was a selfish guy, not a good teammate, that all he wanted to do was shoot the ball. But now he's asking me a thousand questions. I was like, 'This is not the guy I heard about.' So I asked him, 'What happened?' He said in Boston no one ever tried to teach him the position. They just said, 'Look, we're going to bring you off the bench and, when you come in the game, shoot every time you get the ball.' So that's what he did."Detroit time His time in Detroit has been an absolute blur. In his first season there, under coach Rick Carlisle, he hits numerous game-tying or game-winning 3-point bombs, earning him the nickname "Mr. Big Shot." But more than that, he is Mr. Calm. No one can rattle him, and his attitude begins to rub off favorably on two young teammates: Rip Hamilton and Tayshaun Prince. All three have come to town together -- Chauncey via free agency, Hamilton via trade and Prince via the draft -- and Chauncey quickly becomes their counselor. Hamilton is the hyper one who constantly nags the refs, so Chauncey always steps in to say, "Move on." And Tayshaun is the passive one, so Chauncey has to step in to say, "Push on." Under Carlisle in 2002-03, the Pistons win 50 games. Dumars replaces Carlisle with the maniacal Larry Brown. Mitchell played for Brown at Indiana, so Chauncy calls for a scouting report. "Let me tell you something, nephew," Sam says. "You're going to hate his guts the first 25 games, and then the next 16 you'll start figuring him out. The last 41 … you're going to be the best you've ever been." Mitchell's prophetic; early in that 2003-04 season, Chauncey tells him, "Unc, I don't know if I'm going to make it. I can't do nothing right." But by March, Chauncey is a finished product. He spends the first half of games analyzing and probing the defense, letting everyone else find their groove, and, in the third quarter, he attacks. Sometimes, he even waits until the fourth, and Sam tells him, "Remember how I told you in order to lead, you had to learn to follow? Well, you learned how to follow in Minnesota, and Larry's taught you how to lead." Back hometown Leadership With 2:54 left in the fourth quarter, the Nuggets are clinging to a 99-98 lead, when the ball goes out of bounds to the Nuggets underneath their own basket. Chauncey's fear is realized. The team has no out-of-bounds play. Karl just wants them to improvise, to use their basketball instincts, but Chauncey can't live that way. So he calls time. In the huddle, they're all stumped. Smith tells Anthony: "He just got here, and he's calling timeouts?" But Chauncey waves them close and starts in: "Look, George, I need you to draw me up an out-of-bounds play, man, to get the ball in. Because if we don't and we turn the ball over and lose this game because we didn't have something, that just won't sit well with me." Karl and the team's response is: wow. On the court, Chauncey wants him talking on defense, and off the court, Chauncey wants him out of clubs. And Smith is all ears. After a game one night, Smith asks Chauncey why he only shot six times, and Chauncey tells him, "I read the game. I don't play for stats. I don't play for none of that no more. I play for the win." Smith's reaction: "Damn. Makes sense." On the night of the playoff opener, though, Anthony is nervous. In fact, all the Nuggets seem tight. On the opening offensive play, Nene goes the wrong way, and the team bricks its first three shots. Karl calls a timeout, but only one person is talking and wagging a finger: Chauncey."How can you f--- up the first play of the playoffs, Nene! You can't f--- up the first play! Get your heads in this!" It's clear the Nuggets are deer in headlights. The franchise hasn't won a first-round series in 15 years; Anthony has never been to the second round. So why should Chauncey wait until the third quarter? He starts shooting immediately. He makes eight of nine 3-pointers overall, scores 36 points and has zero turnovers in a Nuggets blowout. Chauncey's sent an early playoff message: Relax, I've got your back.
In Game 2, he racks up 31 points and zero turnovers in another blowout. But he doesn't just play a good game, he talks one. During every timeout, he drops pearls of wisdom. Sam Mitchell and Terrell Brandon, each watching at home, swear they can hear Chauncey through the TV set. And they're pretty sure that after a series of hard fouls in Game 3, Chauncey is telling the guys, "Move on." Move on. When Sam Mitchell gives clinics nowadays, he tells kids, "Let me tell you the story of my nephew, Chauncey Billups." And when Chauncey Billups gives clinics, he tells kids, "Let me tell you the story of my uncle, Sam Mitchell." This is not the cycle of life; this the cycle of the NBA. Help the player on your right (Carmelo Anthony), help the player on your left (J.R. Smith), and the one who benefits the most is the one in the middle.5月17日 名士风流中的女权主义和性在这部小说里,两性关系成为了普通社会交往 名士风流, 选择而非等待,英雄主义的一种体现还值得特别注意的是,西蒙娜·德·波伏娃让她的左派知识分子承认了自己的 人? 从某种意义上看,人是时间空间之网上有一定意志与行动自由的一个点。 5月15日 鲁莽,不严谨 朋友A过生日,叫我周六过去,我答应了人家。然后和别的朋友相约周日一聚。 今天中午朋友A说,生日改到周日过,问我可不可以参加,我没有思考就说可以,自以为和别的朋友的相聚可以改到星期六。 晚上跟别的朋友打电话,别的朋友说,周六已经有安排,要出去,周日的聚会不可能改到周六。 如今,我就两面难于分身了。因为自己的鲁莽,不严谨,给自己造成了麻烦,切忌,切忌,鲁莽,不严谨。 看似简单的小事情,却反映了一种思维,想两边都顾及的到。但实际上,自己却是没有这个能力的,最后往往把事情弄的糟糕!! 切忌,鲁莽,不严谨!!! 5月14日 time management effective time management u can determine what is important to succes and focus on these things rather than less important or more enjoyable things. you must learn to focus on the majors, not on the minors. increased job satisfaction: getting more important things done and being more successful in growing and developing the venture will give more job satisfaction to you. u will experience less anxiety and tension. worry, guilt, and other emotions tend to reduce mental effectiveness and efficiency, making decisions less effective. effective time management reduces concerns and anxieties, allowing better and faster decisions to be made. all of these benefits culminate in a final one for u, better health. large amounts of energy and persistence are needed for start up and growth of a venture. high energy levels and long working hours require good health, and poor management of time often leads to mental and physical fatigue, poor eating habits and curtailment of exercise. good health is a by-product of good time management. Basic principles of time management the principle of desire the principle of effectiveness the principle of analysis the principle of teamwork the principle of prioritized planning the principle of reanalysis by first recognizing u are a time waster. this insight leads u to value time and tn change any personal attitudes and habits as needed. effective time management depends on willpower and self-discipiline and requires that u have a strong desire to optimize ur time. second u should adhere to the principle of effectiveness. that is, u should focus on most important issues, even when under pressure. Although quality is of course important, perfectinism is not and often leads to procrastination. u need to know, how ur time is presently being spent. Following the principle of analysis will help accomplish this. Using a time sheet whit 15 minute intervals, u should record and analyze the time spent during the past 2 weeks. this analysis will reveal some areas of wasted time and provide the basis for prioritizing the tasks to be accomplished. 5月13日 一个谦虚而专业的足球人士 zhuluo 1921 个人学习辗转过6个俱乐部,现为5个俱乐部做战术,训练以及球员考察的技术咨询。所以我不代表barca或者任何一家俱乐部,只是客观评价,不然也不可能 5个俱乐部同时工作,在欧洲被发现有一点self interest,就不能做这个行当了。所以,公平,客观,自由交流是我一直这样要求自己的,如果做得不好,请各位多多鞭策。 关于身份,以后不再多说了,敬请各位把我当作和你们一样的普通球迷,畅所欲言,谢谢^_^。 没必要被专业的束缚住思维,你看得不一定比爵士差,要有这样勇气,也要勇于去接受不同意见,勇气+谦虚+客观=进步。 5月10日 不确定的世界, 鲁宾 考虑如何简明扼要的表达要点,这常常使我设想想法的观点以及自己立场中易受攻击的薄弱之处,这有时使我更清晰地通盘考虑这些立场,或者甚至使我对之加以改变。 在一场媒体风暴中,你不能寄希望于某种均衡考虑双方说辞的陈述。但你应当设法使自己对有关事件的陈述出现在某篇报道中,即使仅仅是该报道中靠后的一个段落,因为在某个时间,这类努力也许会开始产生某种效果。 5月6日 百年孤独 这两天在看百年孤独,真真正正的受惊吓啦,双重意义上的惊吓。竟有如此的天才的人类,写出如此神奇的书;快看完书,要出图书馆的时候,我发现自己活在书里了,感觉到这个事情,可把我吓的不得了,活在马孔多下了4年的阴雨中,活在那个装满羊皮书的吉普赛人的房间里。。出了图书馆大概有一刻钟,还是活在这种感觉里,这可把吓了一跳。我想,我需要看到人在街上亲吻,需要做一些很辣很辣的菜,需要做几十个仰卧起坐或者俯卧撑,需要给朋友打电话,需要听见邻居的呓语,需要听很重的,摇滚通过肉体的感觉,或者对肉体的刺激,才能把我拉出马孔多,让我感知我活在这个世界上!! 回去后,吃了点东西,看了1个小时nba,才多少回到这个世界一点点。 如今,第二天的早上,十几个小时之后,我的五分之二大脑还在马孔多,受惊吓的感觉还在。 5月3日 兰斯顿·休斯诗选1【梦】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
要坚信你的梦
2【当我长大】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
那是很久以前了
3【四月的雨】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
让雨亲吻你
4【糟糕的早晨】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
我坐在这儿 鞋子穿得一只一样 仁慈的上帝啊! 我这会子沮丧极了!
(原为这样的)
我坐在这里 我穿错了鞋子 仁慈的上帝啊! 我沮丧极了!
5【梦的变奏】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
大张着双臂
大张着双臂
6【被延迟的梦】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
梦被延迟以后,会怎么样呢?
7【自杀者手记】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
平静的,
8【守梦人】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
把你所有的梦都给我,
9【忧郁】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
当你的鞋带断了
当你要去买一根棒棒糖
10【压抑】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
现在
有的地方
11【和黎明一起行走的人】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
做一个和黎明及早晨一起行走的人,
12【写给露辛达的情歌】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
爱
爱
爱
13【苏醒】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
告诉所有为我哀悼的人,
14【厌倦】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
多么
15【我的人民】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
夜是美丽的,
星星是美丽的,
太阳,也是美丽的。
16【母亲对儿子说 】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
嗳,孩子,我来告诉你:
17【行吟诗人】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
因为我的嘴
因为我的嘴
18【旋转木马】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
先生,这个旋转木马
19【黑人谈及河流】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
我知道这些河流:
我在幼发拉底河里洗澡,当黎明刚刚开始。
我知道这些河流:
我的灵魂像这些河流一样,深沉地生长。
20【穷小子的忧郁】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
我待在家里
我是一个好男孩,
我爱上了
讨厌,讨厌,
21【安静的姑娘】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
我要把你比作
22【致阿迪娜】
(兰斯顿·休斯/作,张文武/译)
我要带走你的心。 因为你是我的一支歌, 我唱你不能太久太多。 因为你是我的一番祈祷, 我不能到处把你絮叨。 因为你是我的一朵玫瑰, 盛夏之后你将一去不回。 爱的原因 正因为我爱你—— 就是这个原因 我的灵魂象蝴蝶翅膀一样 五彩缤纷。 正因为我爱你—— 就是这个原因 当你走过时 我的心象白杨叶一样颤震。 疲倦的布鲁斯
哼着有切分音的令人困倦的曲调, 伴随着深沉感伤的乐声前倾后摇, 我听一个黑人演唱。 在雷诺克斯大街,在有一个夜晚, 旧式的煤汽灯下,灯光苍白暗淡, 他懒洋岸地摇幌…… 他懒洋洋地摇幌…… 应和着那疲倦的曲调,那布鲁斯。 他乌檀似的双手在象牙键上滑行, 让可怜的钢琴在乐曲旋律中呻吟。 哦,布鲁斯! 他前倾后摇坐上东倒西歪的凳子, 抑扬起伏弹奏忧伤曲调如醉如痴。 甜美的布鲁斯! 来自一个黑人的灵魂深处, 哦,布鲁斯! 曲调忧郁悲怆,歌喉声浑厚深沉, 我听那黑人唱歌和破旧钢琴呻吟——“这世上我没有亲人 只有我孤独的一身。 我要抛弃我的忧愁, 要把烦恼摆脱干净。” 他一下下单脚在地上拍打着节拍, 奏过了几组和音又接着唱了起来, “我有了疲倦的布鲁斯, 我并不感到满意——并不觉得高兴, 但愿我已经死去。” 他低声吟唱把歌声投向夜空远方, 星星走出来了,还有明媚的月亮。 歌手已停止演唱,他已进入梦乡。 疲倦的布鲁斯犹在他脑海中回荡。 他已睡去,象石头,象死人一样。 【梦的变奏】 (张文武/译) 大张着双臂 在有太阳的地方, 旋转,跳舞 直到白昼退去。 然后,在凉凉的夜晚 在一棵高高的树下休息, 此刻,夜温柔地上演了, 和我一样黑—— 那是我的梦! 大张着双臂 面对着太阳, 跳舞!旋转!旋转! 直到匆忙的白昼退去。 在苍白的夜晚…… 一棵高高的,细长的树…… 夜深情地来临 和我一样黑。 --------------------------------- 5月2日 捷克斯洛伐克人的故事一个人离开捷克的一个农村,外出谋生。二十五年之后,他发了财,带着老 4月23日 一头"好"奶牛 这世界上最难的跳槽莫过于从挤奶工变成作家。写作真是太难了,就拿这篇来说吧,题目就改了2,3次。最初的题目是,“一头很有魅力的的奶牛”,可是奶牛如
何有魅力呢,这让读者无法想象。如果说一个女人有魅力,要么是这女人长的漂亮身材好,丰乳翘臀;要么这女人很优雅,很有气质,因为良好的教育和自身的修
养。可是这两者和奶牛都不沾边儿,奶牛们个个丰乳肥臀,该翘的地方翘,不该翘的地方不翘;至于优雅和气质这样的词汇更是无法用到奶牛身上。于是我只好改成
“一头很诱人的奶牛”,可是诱人这个词跟魅力一样都是针对人的,用来形容奶牛,还是让人摸不着头脑;其实我是想说“一头很诱牛的奶牛”,就是这头奶牛对别
的牛很有诱惑力,可是不存在“诱牛”这样一个词语,就算我发明出来用在这里,广大读者们还是不知道要说啥。由此可见,我的语言或许还有人类的语言还是很有
局限性的。但既然要从挤奶工变成作家,就要写作,我就很妥协的把题目改成了一头好奶牛。至于这头奶牛好不好,只有读者您自己能判断。/ n( }0 ?# b0 C' ]) F/ b# |5 Z 我是在德国留 学打工的时候认识这头奶牛的。其实说留学打工也不确切,我认识这头奶牛的时候已经不上学只打工了。我在德国学的是哲学,在我去德国之前,我认为在德国最好 学三个学科,啤酒酿造,汽车制造,和哲学,因为这三种德国的最好。个人爱好使然,我选择了哲学。可后来越学越没有信心,因为不知道毕业了能干啥。德国人都 说了,学哲学毕了业就失业,只能去开出租车。当然了,这是还在德国的情况,要是回国了恐怕开出租车都轮不到我,中国似乎是个完全不需要哲学的国家。! C4 H2 p8 ]# }9 [ 但 毕业后很不乐观的就业前景还不是我弃学挤奶的最主要原因。最主要原因是,我渐渐发现哲学虽然很有意思,可是哲学家却很没意思很变态。比如德国最强悍的哲学 家尼采,号称很能忍受孤独,他说:“只有野兽和神才能忍受孤独,而哲学家是两者的结合”,可是他本人却很变态,不能忍受孤独,暗地里和自己的妹妹瞎搞。尼 采之后最强悍的哲学家马克斯韦伯,结婚十几年在自己四十岁左右的时候才和老婆发生了第一次性关系。德国这两个最伟大的哲学的这些行为让我觉得很不自然,很 变态。虽然哲学很有意思,可是如果哲学都把哲学家搞成这样了,我还是不要搞哲学的好。并且,以上这两位哲学家的这样的生活同我的一个隐秘的梦想是相违背 的。在我进入青春期之后,我就有这样一个隐秘的梦想,希望有一天能活的像卡萨诺瓦那样。之所以说是隐秘的梦想,因为不好意思说出来,不知道男青年读者们有 没有类似的梦想。但我渐渐知道,我这辈子都不可能实现这个梦想。不是因为我的身体不行,我卧推80公斤,俯卧撑一次80个,至于外表嘛,自己就不说了,老 是有人叫我帅哥。成为卡萨诺瓦的硬件,我一样都不缺,我缺的是软件,是意识。要成为卡萨诺瓦,首先要把取悦女人作为此生的主要任务,以各种手段;第二,要 不受任何世俗道德观念的侵袭。可惜这两点,我一点都没有,把取悦别人作为此生的主要任务,我实在做不来;另外,在我的脑子里总是残留这一点道德观念,怎么 都驱赶不走。虽然知道梦想不能实现,但在内心我还是不能停止对那种生活的向往,以及在现实中向那个方向靠拢的努力,所以这两个伟大哲学家的私生活让我很失 望,我决定抛弃他们,去做一个快乐的挤奶工。0 I: i! g. a9 a 我就是做挤奶工的时候认识这头“好”奶牛的,后来我管它叫青梅。青梅看上去怎么都不像一头奶牛。奶牛通常都有一种30岁以上的成熟妇女的体态神情,丰硕浑 圆而微微下坠,沉静安然,吃草挤奶,育儿养家。而青梅完全没有这种气质,它是纯黑的,它的腿显得长的多,肚子不大,乳房也很小,总是高昂着头,独处一隅, 一有机会,就在草场上奔跑,那速度简直跟马一样。我甚至怀疑它到底是不是一头奶牛,或者是传说中的姜子牙的坐骑四不像。它的外表和气质让我想起上个世纪末 期时装界的顶级模特凯特摩斯,冷傲而茫然。所以,当我第一次看到青梅,我就认出了它。要知道,这个农场里有600头牛,从600个人中认出一个人都不容 易,更别说是牛。3 i" k4 S, N2 x8 I+ m7 \5 v 青梅是一头非常麻 烦的牛,特别是在挤奶的时候。只有认识它的人,才可以给它挤奶,并且一定要用手工挤奶。所以,我在这个农场工作一个月之后才第一次给青梅挤奶。其实在农场 挤奶是一件很简单的事情,到了挤奶的时候,奶牛们就被驱赶到固定的牛栏上,我只需要把4只机械吸奶嘴儿套到奶牛的乳房上就行了。“驱赶”这个词并不是太确 切,大部分奶牛都是很自觉地各就其位;或许在被挤奶的最初几次它们曾经被驱赶过,如今它们已经养成了习惯,默默地并排站着,屁股朝外,接受机械奶嘴儿的温 柔的抚慰。偶尔会有几头奶牛不太听话,但也不会太费事儿,我们农场有各种器械和方法请牛入瓮。机械吸奶嘴儿听起来虽然有些冷冰冰,但其实很温情,按照设计 说明书,把奶牛们吸的很舒服。这奶嘴儿最上头是很柔软的橡胶,并且保持常温,太冷了,牛会很不舒服,不愿意出牛奶。在没有太多工作的时候,我曾经玩儿过这 机械吸奶嘴儿,把手指伸进去,打开开关,它就会吸着你的手指,很舒服呢。当然了,我只玩儿过1,2次,觉得很舒服,我没问过那些牛,天天被这玩意儿吸是不 是很舒服。/ Z: t) y+ U0 }. v$ | : z* l7 D4 v% B) T0 v 青梅肯定觉得这玩意儿很不舒服,这是茱莉亚告诉我的,在我第一次给青梅挤奶的时候。当时我觉得很奇怪,为什么全农场的牛都是机械奶嘴儿吸奶,而它非要人手工给它挤奶。+ m$ L; N4 f9 S) H1 \ 茱莉亚告诉我,最初 青梅也跟别的牛一样被机械奶嘴儿吸,可几次之后,它就开始有极其反常的行为,开始拒绝被机械吸。当人把那奶嘴儿套上它的乳头的时候,它会用后腿踢牛栏,有 尾巴到处乱扫乱打。它的尾巴粗大而有力,简直就是神鞭,打到人身上火辣辣的。如果它用后腿踢牛栏也是一件很危险的事情,因为牛栏总是把它的身位固定为屁股 向后,挤奶的人就在它屁股后面,万一牛栏不够结实,挤奶人就可能被它踢到。 这小文应该可以画下来,牛头,牛乳,人身! 可惜我不会画. |
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